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Investigation of an abdominal mass in childhood

Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK

• With all abdominal masses, an assessment of the child's age and clinical state is important in determining the diagnosis.
  
• Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality.
  
• Nuclear scintigraphy, CT and MRI are used for malignant or complicated cases.
  
• Hydronephrosis is the commonest cause in the neonate.
  
• Wilm's tumour and neuroblastoma are the commonest malignant tumours.
  
• Neuroblastoma often contains calcium and encases the major abdominal vessels.
  
• Wilm's tumour displaces the central vessels and rarely calcifies.
  
• All malignant tumours should be investigated using well defined protocols defined by the UK Children's Cancer Study Group.
  

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