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Acute testicular pain

Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK

• Severe acute testicular pain is usually due to acute epididymo-orchitis.
  
• In a minority of patients, acute testicular pain is caused by spermatic cord torsion; the other causes responsible for acute testicular pain are unusual.
  
• The ultrasound appearances of these entities are described and illustrated with particular emphasis on the Doppler ultrasound appearances.
  
• Ultrasound appearances differ appreciably to allow a confident diagnosis to be made in the majority of patients.