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Lung complications in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation

Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK

Correspondence: Dr Sujal R Desai

• Pulmonary complications are common following bone marrow transplantation.
  
• Infectious complications are the most problematic; aspergillus is the most common fungal pathogen to cause pneumonia and usually occurs in the first 100 days following transplantation.
  
• Pulmonary oedema also occurs early in the post-transplantation period and may be cardiogenic or non-cardiogenic.
  
• Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis tends to occur in the early phase and is associated with high mortality.
  
• The incidence of significant Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has decreased because of the early institution of prophylactic chemotherapy.
  
• Constrictive obliterative bronchiolitis (a manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease in the lungs) can be particularly problematic; there may be severe airflow limitation leading in some patients, to respiratory failure and death.
  

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