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Medical image registration: an overview

Computational Imaging Science Group, Imaging Sciences, 5th floor, Thomas Guy House, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK

• Image registration is the process of aligning images, from a single or from different modalities, so that correspondences between them, or to a model, can be seen more easily.
  
• The registration process usually involves (rigid registration) translating and rotating one image with respect to the other, and can also involve changes in scale.
  
• More advanced registration algorithms (non-rigid registration) frequently deform one image until it matches the other more closely, which involves the use of additional constraints.
  
• The wide range of imaging modalities that are now available have led to an increased need for sophisticated alignment techniques, allowing clinicians to gain the maximum amount of information from the images available to them.
  
• Medical image registration has opened up new applications for medical imaging, such as serial MRI, perfusion imaging and image-guided surgery.